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题目并不是很难，不过挺有意思

# WriteUps on crypto problems in 东华杯 2021

# The_RSA

# 「Description」

我的加密系统有可能有点点问题。

# 「SourceCode」

from Crypto.Util.number import*
from hashlib import sha256
import socketserver
import signal
import string
import random
from secret import flag
table = string.ascii_letters+string.digits
flag = bytes_to_long(flag)
MENU = br'''[+] 1.Get Encrypt:
[+] 2.Exit:
'''
class Task(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def _recvall(self):
        BUFF_SIZE = 2048
        data = b''
        while True:
            part = self.request.recv(BUFF_SIZE)
            data += part
            if len(part) < BUFF_SIZE:
                break
        return data.strip()
    def send(self, msg, newline=True):
        try:
            if newline:
                msg += b'\n'
            self.request.sendall(msg)
        except:
            pass
    def recv(self, prompt=b'[-] '):
        self.send(prompt, newline=False)
        return self._recvall()
    def proof_of_work(self):
        proof = (''.join([random.choice(table)for _ in range(20)])).encode()
        sha = sha256( proof ).hexdigest().encode()
        self.send(b"[+] sha256(XXXX+" + proof[4:] + b") == " + sha )
        XXXX = self.recv(prompt = b'[+] Plz Tell Me XXXX :')
        if len(XXXX) != 4 or sha256(XXXX + proof[4:]).hexdigest().encode() != sha:
            return False
        return True
    def EncRy(self):
        p,q = getPrime(512),getPrime(512)
        n = p * q
        phi = (p - 1) * (q - 1)
        e = inverse(self.d, phi)
        c = pow(flag, e, n)
        return(e,n,c)
    def handle(self):
        signal.alarm(60)
        if not self.proof_of_work():
            return
        self.send(b"Welcome to my RSA!")
        self.d = getPrime(random.randint(435, 436))
        while 1:
            self.send(MENU)
            self.send(b"Now!What do you want to do?")
            option = self.recv()
            if option == b'1':
                self.send(str(self.EncRy()).encode())
            else:
                break
        self.request.close()
class ThreadedServer(socketserver.ThreadingMixIn, socketserver.TCPServer):
    pass
class ForkedServer(socketserver.ForkingMixIn, socketserver.TCPServer):
    pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
    HOST, PORT = '0.0.0.0', 10004
    print("HOST:POST " + HOST+":" + str(PORT))
    server = ForkedServer((HOST, PORT), Task)
    server.allow_reuse_address = True
    server.serve_forever()
# 「Analyze」
题目给出 [task.py] ，在 handle 部分即定义一个 435 位的素数 dd 并把它用作 RSA 的私钥，由此去生成 RSA 之中的所有参数，并对 flag 进行加密，给出每组加密使用的公钥 (n,e)(n,e) 以及对应的密文 cc
可以发现所有的密文都是通过 dd 去产生实现的，于是可以通过以下式子 (1) 去构造格 (2) ， LLL 之后就能够拿到目标向量 (3)
d⋅e=k⋅ϕ(n)+1e1d−N1k1=1−k1s1e2d−N2k2=1−k2s2...erd−Nrkr=1−krsrM=max(n0,...,ni)12d\cdot e = k\cdot \phi(n)+1\\ e_1d-N_1k_1=1-k_1s_1\\ e_2d-N_2k_2=1-k_2s_2\\ ...\\ e_rd-N_rk_r=1-k_rs_r\\ M = max(n_0,...,n_i)^{\frac{1}{2}}
\left[ \matrix{M&e_0&e_1&...&e_i\\ 0&-n_0&0&...&0\\ 0&0&-n_1&...&0\\ ...&...&...&...&...\\ 0&0&0&...&-n_i} \right]
(dM,1−k0s0,1−k1s1,...,1−kisi)(dM,1-k_0s_0,1-k_1s_1,...,1-k_is_i)
接着根据闵科夫斯基定理去计算大概需要几条拿到 SVP ，即想要得到的私钥 dd ，发现需要 10 组数据即可。
# 「Exp」
from Crypto.Util.number import*
import gmpy2
from pwn import *
from hashlib import sha256
import string
from pwnlib.util.iters import mbruteforce
table = string.ascii_letters+string.digits
def pow():
    io.recvuntil("XXXX+")
    suffix = io.recv(16).decode("utf8")
    io.recvuntil("== ")
    cipher = io.recvline().strip().decode("utf8")
    proof = mbruteforce(lambda x: sha256((x + suffix).encode()).hexdigest() ==
                        cipher, table, length=4, method='fixed')
    io.sendlineafter("XXXX :", proof) 
io = remote("0.0.0.0",10004)
pow()
io.interactive()
e0,n0,c0 = 
e1,n1,c1 = 
e2,n2,c2 = 
e3,n3,c3 = 
e4,n4,c4 = 
e5,n5,c5 = 
e6,n6,c6 = 
e7,n7,c7 = 
e8,n8,c8 = 
e9,n9,c9 = 
maxN = max(n0,n1,n2,n3,n4,n5,n6,n7,n8,n9)
M = gmpy2.iroot(maxN,2)[0]
from sage.all import*
L = Matrix(ZZ,[[M,e0,e1,e2,e3,e4,e5,e6,e7,e8,e9],
               [0,-n0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
               [0,0,-n1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
               [0,0,0,-n2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0],
               [0,0,0,0,-n3,0,0,0,0,0,0],
               [0,0,0,0,0,-n4,0,0,0,0,0],
               [0,0,0,0,0,0,-n5,0,0,0,0],
               [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-n6,0,0,0],
               [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-n7,0,0],
               [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-n8,0],
               [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-n9]])
v = L.LLL()[0]
d = v[0]//M
m = long_to_bytes(pow(c0,d,n0))
print(m)
# BlockEncrypt
# 「Description」
你能猜猜看我的 flag 是什么吗
# 「SourceCode」
[task.py]
from Crypto.Util.number import*
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from secret import flag
from my_encrypt import block_encrypt
from hashlib import sha256
import socketserver
import signal
import string
import random
import os
table = string.ascii_letters+string.digits
MENU = br'''[+] 1.Encrypt the Flag:
[+] 2.Encrypt your Plaintext:
[+] 3.Exit:
'''
def pad(m):
    padlen = 16 - len(m) % 16
    return m + padlen * bytes([padlen])
def xor(msg1,msg2):
    assert len(msg1)==len(msg2)
    return long_to_bytes(bytes_to_long(msg1)^bytes_to_long(msg2))
class Task(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def _recvall(self):
        BUFF_SIZE = 2048
        data = b''
        while True:
            part = self.request.recv(BUFF_SIZE)
            data += part
            if len(part) < BUFF_SIZE:
                break
        return data.strip()
    def send(self, msg, newline=True):
        try:
            if newline:
                msg += b'\n'
            self.request.sendall(msg)
        except:
            pass
    def recv(self, prompt=b'[-] '):
        self.send(prompt, newline=False)
        return self._recvall()
    def proof_of_work(self):
        proof = (''.join([random.choice(table)for _ in range(20)])).encode()
        sha = sha256( proof ).hexdigest().encode()
        self.send(b"[+] sha256(XXXX+" + proof[4:] + b") == " + sha )
        XXXX = self.recv(prompt = b'[+] Plz Tell Me XXXX :')
        if len(XXXX) != 4 or sha256(XXXX + proof[4:]).hexdigest().encode() != sha:
            return False
        return True
    def enc_msg(self,msg):
        return block_encrypt(pad(msg),self.key,self.ivv)
    def handle(self):
        signal.alarm(50)
        if not self.proof_of_work():
            return
        self.ivv = os.urandom(16)
        self.key = os.urandom(16)
        while 1:
            self.send(MENU,newline = False)
            option = self.recv()
            if (option == b'1'):
                self.send(b"My Encrypted flag is:")
                self.send(self.enc_msg(flag))
            elif option == b'2':
                self.send(b"Give me Your Plain & I'll give you the Cipher.")
                plaintext = self.recv()
                self.send(b'PlainText:' + plaintext + b'\nCipherText:' + self.enc_msg(plaintext))
            else:
                break
        self.send(b"\n[.]Down the Connection.")
        self.request.close()
class ThreadedServer(socketserver.ThreadingMixIn, socketserver.TCPServer):
    pass
class ForkedServer(socketserver.ForkingMixIn, socketserver.TCPServer):
    pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
    HOST, PORT = '0.0.0.0', 10004
    print("HOST:POST " + HOST+":" + str(PORT))
    server = ForkedServer((HOST, PORT), Task)
    server.allow_reuse_address = True
    server.serve_forever()
[my_encrypt.py]
from Crypto.Util.number import *
Sbox = (
    0x63, 0x7C, 0x77, 0x7B, 0xF2, 0x6B, 0x6F, 0xC5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2B, 0xFE, 0xD7, 0xAB, 0x76,
    0xCA, 0x82, 0xC9, 0x7D, 0xFA, 0x59, 0x47, 0xF0, 0xAD, 0xD4, 0xA2, 0xAF, 0x9C, 0xA4, 0x72, 0xC0,
    0xB7, 0xFD, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3F, 0xF7, 0xCC, 0x34, 0xA5, 0xE5, 0xF1, 0x71, 0xD8, 0x31, 0x15,
    0x04, 0xC7, 0x23, 0xC3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9A, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xE2, 0xEB, 0x27, 0xB2, 0x75,
    0x09, 0x83, 0x2C, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x6E, 0x5A, 0xA0, 0x52, 0x3B, 0xD6, 0xB3, 0x29, 0xE3, 0x2F, 0x84,
    0x53, 0xD1, 0x00, 0xED, 0x20, 0xFC, 0xB1, 0x5B, 0x6A, 0xCB, 0xBE, 0x39, 0x4A, 0x4C, 0x58, 0xCF,
    0xD0, 0xEF, 0xAA, 0xFB, 0x43, 0x4D, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xF9, 0x02, 0x7F, 0x50, 0x3C, 0x9F, 0xA8,
    0x51, 0xA3, 0x40, 0x8F, 0x92, 0x9D, 0x38, 0xF5, 0xBC, 0xB6, 0xDA, 0x21, 0x10, 0xFF, 0xF3, 0xD2,
    0xCD, 0x0C, 0x13, 0xEC, 0x5F, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xC4, 0xA7, 0x7E, 0x3D, 0x64, 0x5D, 0x19, 0x73,
    0x60, 0x81, 0x4F, 0xDC, 0x22, 0x2A, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xEE, 0xB8, 0x14, 0xDE, 0x5E, 0x0B, 0xDB,
    0xE0, 0x32, 0x3A, 0x0A, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5C, 0xC2, 0xD3, 0xAC, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xE4, 0x79,
    0xE7, 0xC8, 0x37, 0x6D, 0x8D, 0xD5, 0x4E, 0xA9, 0x6C, 0x56, 0xF4, 0xEA, 0x65, 0x7A, 0xAE, 0x08,
    0xBA, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2E, 0x1C, 0xA6, 0xB4, 0xC6, 0xE8, 0xDD, 0x74, 0x1F, 0x4B, 0xBD, 0x8B, 0x8A,
    0x70, 0x3E, 0xB5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xF6, 0x0E, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xB9, 0x86, 0xC1, 0x1D, 0x9E,
    0xE1, 0xF8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xD9, 0x8E, 0x94, 0x9B, 0x1E, 0x87, 0xE9, 0xCE, 0x55, 0x28, 0xDF,
    0x8C, 0xA1, 0x89, 0x0D, 0xBF, 0xE6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2D, 0x0F, 0xB0, 0x54, 0xBB, 0x16,
)
InvSbox = (
    0x52, 0x09, 0x6A, 0xD5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xA5, 0x38, 0xBF, 0x40, 0xA3, 0x9E, 0x81, 0xF3, 0xD7, 0xFB,
    0x7C, 0xE3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9B, 0x2F, 0xFF, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8E, 0x43, 0x44, 0xC4, 0xDE, 0xE9, 0xCB,
    0x54, 0x7B, 0x94, 0x32, 0xA6, 0xC2, 0x23, 0x3D, 0xEE, 0x4C, 0x95, 0x0B, 0x42, 0xFA, 0xC3, 0x4E,
    0x08, 0x2E, 0xA1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xD9, 0x24, 0xB2, 0x76, 0x5B, 0xA2, 0x49, 0x6D, 0x8B, 0xD1, 0x25,
    0x72, 0xF8, 0xF6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xD4, 0xA4, 0x5C, 0xCC, 0x5D, 0x65, 0xB6, 0x92,
    0x6C, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xFD, 0xED, 0xB9, 0xDA, 0x5E, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xA7, 0x8D, 0x9D, 0x84,
    0x90, 0xD8, 0xAB, 0x00, 0x8C, 0xBC, 0xD3, 0x0A, 0xF7, 0xE4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xB8, 0xB3, 0x45, 0x06,
    0xD0, 0x2C, 0x1E, 0x8F, 0xCA, 0x3F, 0x0F, 0x02, 0xC1, 0xAF, 0xBD, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8A, 0x6B,
    0x3A, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4F, 0x67, 0xDC, 0xEA, 0x97, 0xF2, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0xF0, 0xB4, 0xE6, 0x73,
    0x96, 0xAC, 0x74, 0x22, 0xE7, 0xAD, 0x35, 0x85, 0xE2, 0xF9, 0x37, 0xE8, 0x1C, 0x75, 0xDF, 0x6E,
    0x47, 0xF1, 0x1A, 0x71, 0x1D, 0x29, 0xC5, 0x89, 0x6F, 0xB7, 0x62, 0x0E, 0xAA, 0x18, 0xBE, 0x1B,
    0xFC, 0x56, 0x3E, 0x4B, 0xC6, 0xD2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9A, 0xDB, 0xC0, 0xFE, 0x78, 0xCD, 0x5A, 0xF4,
    0x1F, 0xDD, 0xA8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xC7, 0x31, 0xB1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xEC, 0x5F,
    0x60, 0x51, 0x7F, 0xA9, 0x19, 0xB5, 0x4A, 0x0D, 0x2D, 0xE5, 0x7A, 0x9F, 0x93, 0xC9, 0x9C, 0xEF,
    0xA0, 0xE0, 0x3B, 0x4D, 0xAE, 0x2A, 0xF5, 0xB0, 0xC8, 0xEB, 0xBB, 0x3C, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61,
    0x17, 0x2B, 0x04, 0x7E, 0xBA, 0x77, 0xD6, 0x26, 0xE1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0C, 0x7D,
)
xc = lambda a: (((a << 1) ^ 0x1B) & 0xFF) if (a & 0x80) else (a << 1)
R = (
    0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40,
    0x80, 0x1B, 0x36, 0x6C, 0xD8, 0xAB, 0x4D, 0x9A,
    0x2F, 0x5E, 0xBC, 0x63, 0xC6, 0x97, 0x35, 0x6A,
    0xD4, 0xB3, 0x7D, 0xFA, 0xEF, 0xC5, 0x91, 0x39,
)
def t2m(text):
    text = bytes_to_long(text)
    matrix = []
    for i in range(16):
        byte = (text >> (8 * (15 - i))) & 0xFF
        if i % 4 == 0:
            matrix.append([byte])
        else:
            matrix[i // 4].append(byte)
    return matrix
def m2t(matrix):
    text = 0
    for i in range(4):
        for j in range(4):
            text |= (matrix[i][j] << (120 - 8 * (4 * i + j)))
    return long_to_bytes(text)
class myAES:
    def __init__(self, MasterKey):
        self.ChangeKey(MasterKey)
    def ChangeKey(self, MasterKey):
        self.RoundKeys = t2m(MasterKey)
        # print self.RoundKeys
        for i in range(4, 4 * 11):
            self.RoundKeys.append([])
            if i % 4 == 0:
                byte = self.RoundKeys[i - 4][0]        \
                     ^ Sbox[self.RoundKeys[i - 1][1]]  \
                     ^ R[i // 4]
                self.RoundKeys[i].append(byte)
                for j in range(1, 4):
                    byte = self.RoundKeys[i - 4][j]    \
                         ^ Sbox[self.RoundKeys[i - 1][(j + 1) % 4]]
                    self.RoundKeys[i].append(byte)
            else:
                for j in range(4):
                    byte = self.RoundKeys[i - 4][j]    \
                         ^ self.RoundKeys[i - 1][j]
                    self.RoundKeys[i].append(byte)
        # print self.RoundKeys
    def encrypt(self, plaintext):
        self.plain_state = t2m(plaintext)
        self.__add_round_key(self.plain_state, self.RoundKeys[:4])
        for i in range(1, 10):
            self.__round_encrypt(self.plain_state, self.RoundKeys[4 * i : 4 * (i + 1)])
        self.__sub_bytes(self.plain_state)
        self.__shift_rows(self.plain_state)
        self.__sub_bytes(self.plain_state)
        self.__add_round_key(self.plain_state, self.RoundKeys[40:])
        return m2t(self.plain_state)
    def __add_round_key(self, s, k):
        for i in range(4):
            for j in range(4):
                s[i][j] ^= k[i][j]
    def __round_encrypt(self, state_matrix, key_matrix):
        self.__sub_bytes(state_matrix)
        self.__shift_rows(state_matrix)
        self.__mix_columns(state_matrix)
        self.__add_round_key(state_matrix, key_matrix)
    def __sub_bytes(self, s):
        for i in range(4):
            for j in range(4):
                s[i][j] = Sbox[s[i][j]]
    def __shift_rows(self, s):
        s[0][1], s[1][1], s[2][1], s[3][1] = s[1][1], s[2][1], s[3][1], s[0][1]
        s[0][2], s[1][2], s[2][2], s[3][2] = s[2][2], s[3][2], s[0][2], s[1][2]
        s[0][3], s[1][3], s[2][3], s[3][3] = s[3][3], s[0][3], s[1][3], s[2][3]
    def __mix_single_column(self, a):
        # please see Sec 4.1.2 in The Design of Rijndael
        t = a[0] ^ a[1] ^ a[2] ^ a[3]
        u = a[0]
        a[0] ^= t ^ xc(a[0] ^ a[1])
        a[1] ^= t ^ xc(a[1] ^ a[2])
        a[2] ^= t ^ xc(a[2] ^ a[3])
        a[3] ^= t ^ xc(a[3] ^ u)
    def __mix_columns(self, s):
        for i in range(4):
            self.__mix_single_column(s[i])
def xor(a,b):
    assert len(a) == len(b)
    tmp = []
    for i in range(len(a)):
        tmp.append(a[i]^b[i])
    return bytes(tmp)
def exchange_plain(plaintext):
    new_plain = []
    for i in plaintext:
        new_plain.append(i<<1)
    new_plain = bytes(new_plain)
    return new_plain
def block_encrypt(plaintext,key,iv):
    aes = myAES(key)
    block = len(plaintext)//16
    new_plain = exchange_plain(plaintext)
    cipher = b''
    for i in range(block):
        iv = aes.encrypt(iv) 
        cipher += xor(iv,new_plain[16*i:16*i+16])
    return cipher
# 「Analyze」
针对题目给出附件有 my_encrypt.pyc ，只不过是 python3.9 的，不是很好反编译完全，在线网站只能够反编译得到大概，但看不到对 block_encrypt 以及 exchange_plain 中 for 循环内部的信息。
但是这道题，给出的块加密使用的 key 和 iv 都是在初始化阶段内容中就已经固定了的，在一次连接之中不会更改，那么其实我们就可以去猜这种特征的加密模式会有什么样的漏洞。倘若是 OFB 模式又或者是 CFB 模式，根据 CTF-Wiki 上这张图
img
我们就可以得知，是将 IV 加密之后在与明文异或，但是下一轮的 IV 是上一轮 IV 加密后的内容，那么，我们就可以通过这个弱点，将其攻破，任意密文解密。
而该道题，我们可以看到一个 exchange_plain 这个函数，那么他应该会是对明文进行操作改变，但是我们并不知道如何操作，只能去一个个试，猜出来他是针对明文每一个字节都左移了 1 位，那么，我们就可以尝试解密 flag 了，只要长度足够的进行已知明文攻击，就可以拿到加密过后的每组 IV ，与加密后的 flag 进行异或之后进行明文恢复操作就可以拿到 flag .
# 「Exp」
from pwn import *
from Crypto.Util.number import *
from hashlib import sha256
import string
from pwnlib.util.iters import mbruteforce
table = string.ascii_letters+string.digits
def pow():
    io.recvuntil("XXXX+")
    suffix = io.recv(16).decode("utf8")
    io.recvuntil("== ")
    cipher = io.recvline().strip().decode("utf8")
    proof = mbruteforce(lambda x: sha256((x + suffix).encode()).hexdigest() ==
                        cipher, table, length=4, method='fixed')
    io.sendlineafter("XXXX :", proof) 
def pad(m):
    padlen = 16 - len(m) % 16
    return m + padlen * bytes([padlen])
def enc(plaintext):
    print(io.recvuntil(b'[-]').decode())
    io.sendline(b"2")
    print(io.recvuntil(b'[-] ').decode())
    io.sendline(plaintext)
    io.recvuntil(b"CipherText:")
    c = io.recvuntil(b'[+]')[:-4]
    return c
def xor(msg1,msg2):
    assert len(msg1)==len(msg2)
    return long_to_bytes(bytes_to_long(msg1)^bytes_to_long(msg2))
if __name__ == "__main__":
    io = remote("127.0.0.1",10004)
    pow()
    print(io.recvuntil(b'[-] ').decode())
    io.sendline(b"1")
    print(io.recvuntil(b"My Encrypted flag is:").decode())
    c = io.recvuntil(b'[+]')[1:-4]
    cipherlen = len(c) - 1
    fakeplain = cipherlen * b'\x01'
    blocksize = cipherlen//16
    newcipher = enc(fakeplain)
    fakeplain = pad(fakeplain)
    new_plain = []
    for i in fakeplain:
        new_plain.append((i)<<1)
    new_plain = bytes(new_plain)
    s = (xor(new_plain,newcipher[:]))
    fakeplain2 = (xor(s,c))
    new_plain = []
    for i in fakeplain2:
        new_plain.append((i)>>1)
    new_plain = bytes(new_plain)
    print(new_plain)
# MyCryptoSystem
# 「Description」
再来看看这个加密系统吧
# 「SourceCode」
from Crypto.Util.number import*
import random
from secret import flag
from hashlib import sha256
import socketserver
import signal
import string
def trans_flag(flag):
    new_flag = []
    for i in range(6):
        new_flag.append(bytes_to_long(flag[i*7:i*7+7]))
    return new_flag
kbits = 1024
table = string.ascii_letters+string.digits
flag = trans_flag(flag)
def Setup(kbits):
    p_bit = kbits//2
    q_bit = kbits - p_bit
    while 1:
        p = getPrime(p_bit)
        p_tmp = (p-1)//2
        if isPrime(p_tmp):
            break
    while 1:
        q = getPrime(q_bit)
        q_tmp = (q-1)//2
        if isPrime(q_tmp):
            break
    N = p*q
    while 1:
        g = random.randrange(N*N)
        if (pow(g,p_tmp * q_tmp,N*N) - 1)%N == 0 and  (pow(g,p_tmp * q_tmp,N*N) - 1)//N >= 1 and (pow(g,p_tmp * q_tmp,N*N) - 1)//N <= N - 1:
            break
    public = (N,g)
    return public,p
def KeyGen(public):
    N,g = public
    a = random.randrange(N*N)
    h = pow(g,a,N*N)
    pk = h
    sk = a 
    return pk,sk
def Encrypt(public,pk,m):
    N,g = public
    r = random.randrange(N*N)
    A = pow(g,r,N*N)
    B = (pow(pk,r,N*N) * (1 + m * N)) % (N * N)
    return A,B
def Add(public,dataCipher1,dataCipher2):
    N = public[0]
    A1,B1 = dataCipher1
    A2,B2 = dataCipher2
    A = (A1*A2)%(N*N)
    B = (B1*B2)%(N*N)
    return (A,B)
def hint(p):
    _p = getPrime(2048)
    _q = getPrime(2048)
    n = _p*_q
    e = 0x10001
    s = getPrime(300)
    tmp = (160 * s ** 5 - 4999 * s ** 4 + 3 * s ** 3 +1)
    phi = (_p-1)*(_q-1)
    d = inverse(e,phi)
    k = (_p-s)*d
    enc = pow(p,e,n)
    return (tmp,k,enc,n)
class Task(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
    def _recvall(self):
        BUFF_SIZE = 2048
        data = b''
        while True:
            part = self.request.recv(BUFF_SIZE)
            data += part
            if len(part) < BUFF_SIZE:
                break
        return data.strip()
    def send(self, msg, newline=True):
        try:
            if newline:
                msg += b'\n'
            self.request.sendall(msg)
        except:
            pass
    def recv(self, prompt=b'SERVER <INPUT>: '):
        self.send(prompt, newline=False)
        return self._recvall()
    def proof_of_work(self):
        proof = (''.join([random.choice(table)for _ in range(20)])).encode()
        sha = sha256(proof).hexdigest().encode()
        self.send(b"[+] sha256(XXXX+" + proof[4:] + b") == " + sha )
        XXXX = self.recv(prompt = b'[+] Plz Tell Me XXXX :')
        if len(XXXX) != 4 or sha256(XXXX + proof[4:]).hexdigest().encode() != sha:
            return False
        return True
    def handle(self):
        proof = self.proof_of_work()
        if not proof:
            self.request.close()
        public,p = Setup(kbits)
        signal.alarm(60)
        pk = []
        for i in range(6):
            pki,ski = KeyGen(public)
            pk.append(pki)
        msg = [123,456,789,123,456,789]
        CipherPair = []
        for i in range(len(pk)):
            TMP = Encrypt(public,pk[i],msg[i])
            CipherPair.append(((TMP),pk[i]))
        CipherDate = []
        for i in range(len(pk)):
            CipherDate.append(Add(public,Encrypt(public,pk[i],flag[i]),CipherPair[i][0]))
        self.send(b'What do you want to get?\n[1]pk_list\n[2]public_parameters\n[3]hint_for_p\n[4]EncRypt_Flag\n[5]exit')
        while 1:
            option = self.recv()
            if option == b'1':
                self.send(b"[~]My pk_list is:")
                self.send(str(pk).encode())
            elif option == b'2':
                self.send(b"[~]My public_parameters is")
                self.send(str(public).encode())
            elif option == b'3':
                self.send(b"[~]My hint for p is")
                self.send(str(hint(p)).encode())
            elif option == b'4':
                self.send(b'[~]What you want is the flag!')
                self.send(str(CipherDate).encode())
            else:
                break
        self.request.close()
class ThreadedServer(socketserver.ThreadingMixIn, socketserver.TCPServer):
    pass
class ForkedServer(socketserver.ForkingMixIn, socketserver.TCPServer):
    pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
    HOST, PORT = '0.0.0.0', 10004
    print("HOST:POST " + HOST+":" + str(PORT))
    server = ForkedServer((HOST, PORT), Task)
    server.allow_reuse_address = True
    server.serve_forever()
# 「Analyze」
一开始先是将 flag 每 7 位 bytes_to_long 之后组成一个 flag 的 list ，接着我们将每个重要的主体函数都对应转换成数学公式来看
SetUp(k):SetUp(k):
  • 其中 kk 是一个安全位数参量，需要找到安全的 kk 比特长的 RSA 模数 N=pqN=pq ，满足 (p−1)2\frac{(p-1)}{2} 以及 (p−1)2\frac{(p-1)}{2} 都是素数。去生成一个随机数 g∈ZN2∗g\in \Z_{N^2}^* 满足 g(p−1)(q−1)4modN2=1+kN,k∈[1,N−1]g^{\frac{(p-1)(q-1)}{4}}\mod N^2 = 1 + kN,k\in[1,N-1]
KeyGen(public):KeyGen(public):
  • 随机生成私钥参数 aa ，并且计算 公钥 h=gamodN2h=g^a\mod N^2
Encrypt(public,pk,m):Encrypt(public,pk,m):
  • 随机量 r∈[0,N2]r\in[0,N^2] ，加密 mm 得到两个参数(A,B)=(gamodN2,pkr(1+mN)modN2)(A,B)=(g^a\mod N^2,pk^r(1+mN)\mod N^2)
Add(puublic,dataCipher1,dataCipher2):Add(puublic,dataCipher1,dataCipher2):
  • 这里就只是进行了一个加法同态数据上的加密
题目给出 MENU 有 4 个选项，其中通过 hint_for_p leak 了 pp ，通过二分拿到 ss，计算 3ekmodn−31−smodn=3p−smodn−31−smodn3^{ek}\mod n - 3^{1-s}\mod n =3^{p-s}\mod n -3^{1-s}\mod n 就能够拿到 pp ，到这里我们可以看出来其实这道题的加密系统很像 pallier，这里已经能够分解 nn 了，那么必定是不安全的，虽然说他使用了任意的公钥加密。
paper:https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fb94617.pdf (37)
只需要去实现该篇论文中的另外一种解密方式就能够成功解密。
MDec(PP,pk,MK)(A,B):MDec_{(PP,pk,MK)}(A,B):
  • 计算 amodN=hp−12q−12−1modN2N×k−1modNa\mod N = \frac{h^{\frac{p-1}{2}\frac{q-1}{2}} - 1 \mod N^2}{N}\times k^{-1}\mod N ， rmodN=Ap−12q−12−1modN2N×k−1modNr\mod N = \frac{A^{\frac{p-1}{2}\frac{q-1}{2}} - 1 \mod N^2}{N}\times k^{-1}\mod N 接着计算 δ,γ\delta\ ,\ \gamma​
δ=((p−1)(q−1)4)−1modnγ=armodN\delta = (\frac{(p-1)(q-1)}{4})^{-1}\mod n\\ \gamma = ar\mod N
  • 最终我们可以使用这些参数去拿到 m
m=(Bgγ)(p−1)(q−1)4−1modN2N×δmodNm = \frac{(\frac{B}{g^\gamma})^{\frac{(p-1)(q-1)}{4}}-1\mod N^2} {N}\times \delta \mod N
# 「Exp」
from pwn import *
from Crypto.Util.number import *
from hashlib import sha256
import string
from pwnlib.util.iters import mbruteforce
table = string.ascii_letters+string.digits
def pow():
    io.recvuntil("XXXX+")
    suffix = io.recv(16).decode("utf8")
    io.recvuntil("== ")
    cipher = io.recvline().strip().decode("utf8")
    proof = mbruteforce(lambda x: sha256((x + suffix).encode()).hexdigest() ==
                        cipher, table, length=4, method='fixed')
    io.sendlineafter("XXXX :", proof) 
io = remote("0.0.0.0",10004)
pow()
io.interactive()
def getS(data):
    left,right = 0,2**301
    for i in range(1000):
        tmp = (left + right)//2
        if 160 * tmp ** 5 - 4999 * tmp ** 4 + 3 * tmp ** 3 +1-data > 0:
            right = tmp
        else:
            left = tmp
    return tmp
def getP(pdata):
    tmp,k,c,n = pdata
    s = getS(tmp)
    e = 0x10001
    a = pow(3,e*k,n)-pow(3,1-s,n)
    _p = GCD(a,n)
    _q = n//_p
    d = inverse(e,(_p-1)*(_q-1))
    return pow(c,d,n)
pdata = 
pk = 
public = 
p = getP(pdata)
msg = [123,456,789,123,456,789]
secret = (p//2,public[0]//p//2)
k = (pow(public[1],secret[0]*secret[1],public[0]**2)-1) // public[0]
public = public[0],k,public[1]
def MDecrypt(public,pk,secret,A,B):
    p_sec , q_sec = secret
    N,k,g = public
    h = pk
    k_1 = inverse(k,N)
    a = ((((pow(h,p_sec * q_sec,N**2) - 1) % (N**2) )//N )* k_1) % N
    r = ((((pow(A,p_sec * q_sec,N**2) - 1) % (N**2) )//N )* k_1) % N
    delta = pow(p_sec * q_sec ,-1 , N)
    gamma = (a * r) % N 
    m = ((((pow(B * inverse(pow(g,gamma,N **2),N**2),p_sec * q_sec, N ** 2) - 1 ) %(N*N)) // N) * delta )%N
    return m
print(len(pk))
CipherDate = 
for i in range(len(pk)):
    A,B = CipherDate[i]
    print(long_to_bytes(MDecrypt(public,pk[i],secret,A,B)-msg[i]).decode(),end='')
# Referance
.pyc 在线反编译：https://tool.lu/pyc/
OFB 模式：https://wiki.x10sec.org/crypto/blockcipher/mode/ofb/
BCP 密码系统：https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fb94617.pdf (37)4